Cutaneous myiasis is a parasitic infestation of the skin caused by the larvae (maggots) of certain species of flies. These flies typically belong to the family Calliphoridae (blowflies), Oestridae (botflies), or Sarcophagidae (flesh flies). The condition is most commonly found in tropical and subtropical regions but can occur anywhere under suitable conditions……
Causes and Transmission
Cutaneous myiasis occurs when fly larvae penetrate the skin, either by direct deposition from an adult fly or through existing wounds. In some cases, flies lay their eggs on clothing, bedding, or other materials that come into contact with human skin, leading to infestation. The larvae then burrow into the skin and develop within the host tissue.
The most common species responsible for cutaneous myiasis in humans include Dermatobia hominis (the human botfly) and Cochliomyia hominivorax (the New World screwworm). These larvae feed on living or dead tissue, bodily fluids, or necrotic material, causing various types of skin lesions.
Symptoms
The symptoms of cutaneous myiasis vary depending on the species of fly and the site of infestation. Common signs include:
- Painful or itchy bumps: The larvae typically create boil-like lesions or nodules on the skin, which may become painful or itchy as they grow.
- Serous or purulent discharge: As the larvae mature, they may cause the lesion to exude fluid or pus.
- Movement sensation: Some patients report feeling the larvae moving under the skin.
- Secondary infections: If the wound becomes secondarily infected, it can lead to more serious complications, including cellulitis or abscess formation.
Treatment
Treatment for cutaneous myiasis involves the removal of the larvae, which can be done surgically or by applying topical agents that suffocate the larvae, prompting them to emerge from the skin. After removal, the wound is typically cleaned and dressed, and antibiotics may be prescribed if there is a risk of secondary infection.
Prevention
Preventing cutaneous myiasis involves measures such as wearing protective clothing, using insect repellent, and maintaining good personal hygiene, especially in areas where the condition is common.